N'ịchụso nkwado, sensọ na-ebelata oge okirikiri, iji ike eme ihe na ihe mkpofu, na-eme ka njikwa usoro mechiri emechi na ịbawanye ihe ọmụma, na-emepe ohere ọhụrụ maka nrụpụta smart na nhazi.#sensors #sustainability #SHM
Sensọ n'aka ekpe (n'elu ruo ala): okpomọkụ flux (TFX), na-ebu dielectrics (Lambient), ultrasonics (Mahadum nke Augsburg), disposable dielectrics (Synthesites) na n'etiti pennies na thermocouples Microwire (AvPro) .Graphs (n'elu, n'aka elekere): Collo dielectric mgbe niile (CP) megide Collo ionic viscosity (CIV), nguzogide resin na oge. (Synthesites) na ụdị dijitalụ nke caprolactam etinyere preforms site na iji sensọ electromagnetic (CosiMo project, DLR ZLP, Mahadum Augsburg).
Ka ụlọ ọrụ zuru ụwa ọnụ na-aga n'ihu na-esi na ọrịa COVID-19 pụta, ọ gbanwere n'ịkwado nkwado, nke chọrọ ibelata n'efu na oriri nke ihe onwunwe (dịka ike, mmiri na ihe). N'ihi ya, mmepụta ihe ga-adịwanye mma ma mara mma. Ma nke a chọrọ ozi. Maka ihe ndị mejupụtara, ebee ka data a si abịa?
Dị ka akọwara na CW's 2020 Composites 4.0 usoro isiokwu, na-akọwapụta nha dị mkpa iji melite akụkụ mma na mmepụta, na sensọ chọrọ iji nweta nha ndị ahụ, bụ nzọụkwụ mbụ na smart nrụpụta. N'oge 2020 na 2021, CW kọrọ na sensọ-dielectric sensọ, ihe mmetụta na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ, ihe mmetụta fiber optic, na ihe mmetụta na-adịghị na kọntaktị na-eji ultrasonic na ebili mmiri electromagnetic-yana ọrụ. na-egosipụta ike ha (lee CW's online sensor content set) . Isiokwu a na-ewuli elu na akụkọ a site n'ịtụle ihe mmetụta ndị a na-eji eme ihe na ihe mgbagwoju anya, uru ha kwere nkwa na ihe ịma aka, na ọdịdị nkà na ụzụ dị n'okpuru mmepe. N'ụzọ doro anya, ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-apụta dị ka ndị isi na ụlọ ọrụ composites na-enyocha ma na-agagharị oghere a.
Netwọk sensọ na CosiMo Netwọk nke 74 sensọ - 57 nke bụ ultrasonic sensọ emepụtara na Mahadum Augsburg (gosipụtara n'aka nri, ntụpọ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ dị n'elu na nke dị ala) - na-eji ihe ngosi Lid maka T-RTM. Ịkpụzi oru ngo CosiMo maka batrị ihe mejupụtara thermoplastic.Ebe E Si Nweta Foto: Ọrụ CosiMo, DLR ZLP Augsburg, Mahadum Augsburg
Ebumnuche #1: Chekwa ego. Blọọgụ CW nke Disemba 2021, “Custom Ultrasonic Sensors for Composite Process Optimization and Control,” na-akọwa ọrụ na Mahadum Augsburg (UNA, Augsburg, Germany) iji mepụta netwọkụ nke sensọ 74 maka CosiMo. oru ngo iji rụpụta ihe ngosi mkpuchi batrị EV (ihe ndị mejupụtara na njem ụgbọ njem smart). (T-RTM), nke polymerizes caprolactam monomer na situ n'ime a polyamide 6 (PA6) composite.Markus Sause, Prọfesọ na UNA na Head of UNA's Artificial Intelligence (AI) Production Network na Augsburg, na-akọwa ihe mere sensọ ji dị mkpa: "The nnukwu uru anyị na-enye bụ ịhụ ihe na-eme n'ime igbe ojii n'oge nhazi. Ugbu a, ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta ihe nwere obere usoro iji nweta nke a. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ha na-eji sensọ dị mfe ma ọ bụ kpọmkwem mgbe ha na-eji infusion resin mee nnukwu akụkụ ikuku. Ọ bụrụ na usoro infusion na-ezighi ezi, ị nwere nnukwu mpempe akwụkwọ. Ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ngwọta ngwọta iji ghọta ihe na-ezighị ezi na usoro mmepụta na ihe kpatara ya, ị nwere ike idozi ya ma mezie ya, na-azọpụta gị nnukwu ego. "
Thermocouples bụ ihe atụ nke "ihe mmetụta dị mfe ma ọ bụ kpọmkwem" nke ejirila ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ iji nyochaa okpomọkụ nke laminates composite n'oge autoclave ma ọ bụ oven na-agwọ ọrịa. A na-ejikwa ha na-achịkwa okpomọkụ na oven ma ọ bụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ iji gwọọ ihe nrụzi ihe mejupụtara site na iji. Thermal bonders.Ndị na-emepụta resin na-eji ụdị sensọ dị iche iche na ụlọ nyocha iji nyochaa mgbanwe na resin viscosity n'oge na okpomọkụ iji mepụta usoro ọgwụgwọ. Gịnị na-apụta, Otú ọ dị, bụ netwọk ihe mmetụta nke nwere ike iji anya nke uche na ịchịkwa usoro mmepụta ihe na ọnọdụ dabere na ọtụtụ paramita (dịka, okpomọkụ na nrụgide) na ọnọdụ nke ihe (dịka, viscosity, aggregation, crystallization).
Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ihe mmetụta ultrasonic nke e mepụtara maka ọrụ CosiMo na-eji otu ụkpụrụ ahụ dị ka nyocha ultrasonic, bụ nke ghọrọ isi ihe nyocha nke na-adịghị emebi emebi (NDI) nke akụkụ ndị mejupụtara mejupụtara. Petros Karapapas, Onye isi injinia na Meggitt (Loughborough, UK), kwuru, sị: "Ebumnobi anyị bụ ibelata oge na ọrụ achọrọ maka nyocha mmepụta ihe nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu ka anyị na-aga n'ihu n'ichepụta dijitalụ." Ụlọ ọrụ ihe onwunwe (NCC, Bristol, UK) imekọ ihe ọnụ iji gosipụta nlekota nke Solvay (Alpharetta, GA, USA) EP 2400 mgbanaka n'oge RTM na-eji linear dielectric sensọ emepụtara na Cranfield University (Cranfield, UK) Flow na ọgwụgwọ nke oxyresin maka a Ogologo 1.3 m, 0.8 m n'obosara na 0.4 m miri emi mejupụtara shei maka ụgbọ elu azụmahịa engine okpomọkụ mgbanwe. "Ka anyị lere anya otú iji mee ka nnukwu mgbakọ na-arụpụta ihe dị elu, anyị enweghị ike ịme nyocha na nyocha usoro nhazi ọdịnala na akụkụ ọ bụla, "Karapapas kwuru. iji kwado usoro ọgwụgwọ ahụ. Mana iji ihe mmetụta a, nke ahụ adịghị mkpa. "
The Collo Probe na-emikpu n'ime agba agwakọta agba (green okirikiri n'elu) iji chọpụta mgbe agwakọta zuru ezu, na-azọpụta oge na ume.Image Ebe E Si Nweta: ColloidTek Oy
Matti Järveläinen, CEO na onye nchoputa nke ColloidTek Oy (Kolo, Tampere, Finland) na-ekwu, "Ebumnuche anyị abụghị ịbụ ngwaọrụ ụlọ nyocha ọzọ, kama ilekwasị anya na usoro mmepụta ihe." The CW January 2022 blọọgụ "Mkpịsị aka Liquids for Composites" na-enyocha Collo's Nchikota nke oghere electromagnetic (EMF), nhazi mgbaàmà na nyocha data iji tụọ "mkpịsị aka" nke mmiri ọ bụla dị ka monomers, resins ma ọ bụ adhesives . "Ihe anyị na-enye bụ nkà na ụzụ ọhụrụ nke na-enye nzaghachi ozugbo na ozugbo, n'ihi ya, ị nwere ike ịghọta nke ọma otú usoro gị si arụ ọrụ ma na-emeghachi omume mgbe ihe na-ezighị ezi," ka Järveläinen na-ekwu. n'ime ọnụọgụ anụ ahụ enwere ike ịghọta na nke a na-eme, dị ka viscosity rheological, nke na-enye ohere njikarịcha usoro. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ị nwere ike belata oge ngwakọta n'ihi na ị nwere ike ịhụ nke ọma mgbe agwakọta zuru ezu. Ya mere, na Ị nwere ike ịbawanye mmepụta, chekwaa ume ma belata nsị ma e jiri ya tụnyere nhazi kachasị mma. "
Ihe mgbaru ọsọ #2: Mụbaa ihe ọmụma usoro na visualization. Maka usoro dị ka nchịkọta, Järveläinen na-ekwu, "Ị na-adịghị ahụ ọtụtụ ozi site na naanị foto. Naanị ị na-ewere sample wee banye n'ụlọ nyocha wee lelee ihe ọ dị ka nkeji ma ọ bụ awa gara aga. Ọ dị ka ịkwọ ụgbọala n'okporo ụzọ awara awara, kwa awa ọ bụla Mepee anya gị otu nkeji ma gbalịa ịkọ ebe okporo ụzọ na-aga." Sause kwetara, na-achọpụta na netwọk sensọ mepụtara na CosiMo "na-enyere anyị aka inweta nkọwa zuru ezu nke usoro na omume ihe onwunwe. Anyị nwere ike ịhụ mmetụta mpaghara na usoro ahụ, na nzaghachi na mgbanwe dị iche iche na akụkụ ọkpụrụkpụ ma ọ bụ ihe ejikọtara ọnụ dị ka isi ụfụfụ. Ihe anyị na-agbalị ime bụ ịnye ozi gbasara ihe na-eme n'ezie na ebu. Nke a na-enye anyị ohere ịchọpụta ozi dị iche iche dị ka ọdịdị ihu n'ihu, mbata nke oge nke ọ bụla na ogo nchịkọta na ebe mmetụta ọ bụla. "
Collo na-arụ ọrụ na-emepụta nke epoxy adhesives, ágbá na ọbụna biya ka ịmepụta usoro profaịlụ maka onye ọ bụla ogbe produced. Ugbu a ọ bụla emeputa nwere ike na-ele ike ike nke usoro ha na ịtọ ọzọ kachasị kwa kwa, na alerts itinye aka mgbe batches bụ nke specification.This na-enyere aka. kwụsie ike ma melite ogo.
Vidiyo nke na-eruba n'ihu na akụkụ CosiMo (ọnụ ụzọ injection bụ ntụpọ ọcha na etiti) dị ka ọrụ nke oge, dabere na data nha sitere na netwọk ihe mmetụta na-emepụta ihe.Ebe E Si Nweta Foto: CosiMo oru ngo, DLR ZLP Augsburg, University of Augsburg
"Achọrọ m ịma ihe na-eme n'oge mmepụta akụkụ, ọ bụghị imeghe igbe ma hụ ihe na-eme emesịa," Meggitt's Karapapas na-ekwu. "Ngwaahịa ndị anyị mepụtara site na iji Cranfield's dielectric sensọ mere ka anyị hụ usoro n'ime ọnọdụ, anyị nwekwara ike. iji nyochaa ọgwụgwọ nke resin. " Iji ụdị sensọ isii niile akọwara n'okpuru (ọ bụghị ndepụta na-agwụ ike, naanị obere nhọrọ, ndị na-eweta ngwaahịa, kwa), nwere ike nyochaa ọgwụgwọ / polymerization na resin flow.Ụfọdụ sensọ nwere ikike ndị ọzọ, yana ụdị ihe mmetụta jikọtara ọnụ nwere ike gbasaa ohere nleba anya na nlele anya. N'oge ịkpụzi ihe mejupụtara. E gosipụtara nke a n'oge CosiMo, nke na-eji ultrasonic, dielectric na piezoresistive in-mode sensọ maka ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na nrụgide site na Kistler. (Winterthur, Switzerland).
Ihe mgbaru ọsọ #3: Belata okirikiri time.Collo sensọ nwere ike tụọ uniformity nke abụọ-akụkụ ngwa ngwa na-agwọ epoxy dị ka akụkụ A na B na-agwakọta na injected n'oge RTM na n'ebe ọ bụla na ebu ebe ndị dị otú ahụ sensọ na-etinye.This nwere ike inyere aka mee ka resins ọgwụgwọ ngwa ngwa maka ngwa dị ka Urban Air Mobility (UAM), nke ga-enye usoro ọgwụgwọ ngwa ngwa ma e jiri ya tụnyere epoxies otu akụkụ dị ugbu a dị ka RTM6.
Collo sensọ nwekwara ike nyochaa ma jiri anya nke uche hụ epoxy ịbụ degassed, injected na gwọọ ya, na mgbe usoro ọ bụla zuru ezu. Ịmecha ọgwụgwọ na usoro ndị ọzọ dabere na ọnọdụ n'ezie nke ihe a na-edozi (na oge omenala na ntụziaka okpomọkụ) a na-akpọ njikwa steeti ihe onwunwe. (MSM) .Companies dị ka AvPro (Norman, Oklahoma, USA) na-achụso MSM ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ soro mgbanwe na akụkụ ihe na usoro ka ọ na-achụso kpọmkwem lekwasịrị maka iko mgbanwe okpomọkụ. (Tg), viscosity, polymerization na / ma ọ bụ crystallization .Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a na-eji netwọk nke sensọ na nyocha dijitalụ na CosiMo iji chọpụta oge kacha nta a chọrọ iji kpoo ọkụ RTM pịa na ịkpụzi wee chọpụta na 96% nke kachasị polymerization bụ. enweta na 4.5 nkeji.
Ndị na-eweta ihe mmetụta Dielectric dị ka Lambient Teknụzụ (Cambridge, MA, USA), Netzsch (Selb, Germany) na Synthesites (Uccle, Belgium) egosipụtakwala ike ha iji belata oge okirikiri. ) na Bombardier Belfast (nke ugbu a Spirit AeroSystems (Belfast, Ireland)) na-akọ na dabere na nha oge. nke resin eguzogide na okpomọkụ, site na ya Optimold data nnweta unit na Optiview Software na-atụgharị na atụmatụ viscosity na Tg. "Ndị na-emepụta nwere ike ịhụ Tg ozugbo, n'ihi ya, ha nwere ike ikpebi mgbe ịkwụsị usoro ọgwụgwọ," ka Nikos Pantelelis na-akọwa, Director nke Synthesites. "Ha ekwesịghị ichere ka ha mechaa usoro mbugharị nke dị ogologo karịa ka ọ dị mkpa. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, okirikiri ọdịnala maka RTM6 bụ ọgwụgwọ zuru oke nke awa 2 na 180°C. Anyị ahụla na enwere ike ịbelata nke a ka ọ bụrụ nkeji iri asaa na ụfọdụ geometry. E gosikwara nke a na ọrụ INNOTOOL 4.0 (lee "Accelerating RTM with Heat Flux Sensors"), ebe iji ihe mmetụta ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ mere ka usoro ọgwụgwọ RTM6 dị mkpụmkpụ site na nkeji 120 ruo nkeji 90.
Ihe mgbaru ọsọ # 4: njikwa mechiri emechi nke usoro mgbanwe. Maka ọrụ CosiMo, ihe mgbaru ọsọ kachasị bụ ime ka njikwa mechiri emechi n'oge mmepụta akụkụ nke ihe mejupụtara ya. Nke a bụkwa ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke ZAero na iComposite 4.0 ọrụ nke CW kọrọ na. 2020 (30-50% ego mbelata) .Rịba ama na ndị a na-agụnye usoro dị iche iche - ntinye akpaaka nke teepu prepreg (ZAero) na fiber spray preforming tụnyere ya. ka T-RTM dị elu dị na CosiMo maka RTM na ngwa ngwa na-agwọta epoxy (iComposite 4.0) . Ọrụ ndị a niile na-eji ihe mmetụta na ụdị dijitalụ na algọridim na-eme ka usoro ahụ pụta ma buru amụma ihe ga-esi na akụkụ ahụ emechara.
Enwere ike iche na njikwa usoro dị ka usoro usoro usoro, Sause kọwara. Nzọụkwụ mbụ bụ ijikọ ihe mmetụta na nhazi ngwá ọrụ, o kwuru, "iji anya nke uche hụ ihe na-eme na igbe ojii na paramita iji mee ihe. Nzọụkwụ ole na ole ndị ọzọ, ma eleghị anya, ọkara nke akara aka mechiri emechi, na-enwe ike ịkwanye bọtịnụ nkwụsị iji tinye aka, Megharịa usoro ahụ ma gbochie akụkụ ndị a jụrụ ajụ. Dị ka nzọụkwụ ikpeazụ, ị nwere ike ịmepụta ejima dijitalụ, nke nwere ike ịmegharị ya, ma na-achọkwa itinye ego na usoro mmụta igwe. " Na CosiMo, ntinye ego a na-enyere ndị sensọ aka ịzụ data n'ime ejima dijitalụ, Edge analysis (ngbakọ emere na nsọtụ nke mmepụta ahịrị na mgbako sitere na ebe nchekwa data etiti) na-eji buru amụma amụma ihu n'ihu, ọdịnaya olu fiber kwa preform textile. na ntụpọ akọrọ nwere ike.” Dị ka o kwesịrị, ị nwere ike guzobe ntọala iji mee ka njikwa mechiri emechi na nlegharị anya na usoro a,” Sause kwuru. Ị nwekwara ike iji ozi a kwalite ozi gị."
N'ime ime nke a, ụlọ ọrụ na-eji sensọ na-emezi usoro. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Synthesites na-arụ ọrụ na ndị ahịa ya iji jikọta sensọ na ngwá ọrụ iji mechie ntinye resin mgbe infusion zuru ezu, ma ọ bụ gbanye ọkụ ọkụ mgbe a na-enweta ọgwụgwọ ezubere iche.
Järveläinen na-ekwu na iji chọpụta nke sensọ kacha mma maka ihe ọ bụla eji eme ihe, "ịkwesịrị ịghọta ihe mgbanwe na ihe na usoro ịchọrọ nyochaa, mgbe ahụ ị ga-enwe onye nyocha." Onye nyocha na-enweta data nke onye na-ajụ ajụjụ ma ọ bụ ngalaba nweta data anakọtara. raw data ma gbanwee ya ka ọ bụrụ ozi nke onye nrụpụta ga-eji mee ihe. "Ị na-ahụ n'ezie ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ na-ejikọta sensọ, ma mgbe ahụ, ha anaghị eme ihe ọ bụla na data," Sause kwuru. Ihe dị mkpa, ọ kọwara, bụ "usoro. nke inweta data, yana usoro nchekwa data iji nwee ike ịhazi data ahụ. "
Järveläinen na-ekwu, "Ndị ọrụ njedebe anaghị achọ naanị ịhụ data raw," ka Järveläinen na-ekwu." Ha chọrọ ịma, 'Ọ bụ usoro kachasị mma?'" Kedu mgbe enwere ike ịme nzọụkwụ ọzọ?" Iji mee nke a, ịkwesịrị ijikọ ọtụtụ sensọ. maka nyocha, wee jiri mmụta igwe mee ka usoro ahụ dị ngwa.” Enwere ike nweta nyocha ihu na ụzọ mmụta igwe nke ndị otu Collo na CosiMo na-eji site na maapụ viscosity, ụdị ọnụọgụ nke resin eruba n'ihu, yana ikike ijikwa usoro usoro na igwe na-ahụ anya.
Optimold bụ onye nyocha nke Synthesites mepụtara maka sensọ dielectric ya. A na-achịkwa sọftụwia Synthesites' Optiview, ngalaba Optimold na-eji nha okpomọkụ na resin nguzogide iji gbakọọ ma gosipụta eserese oge iji nyochaa ọkwa resin gụnyere ngwakọta mix, ịka nká, viscosity, Tg. na ogo ọgwụgwọ.Ọ nwere ike iji na prepreg na mmiri mmiri akpụ usoro.A iche iche unit Optiflow na-eji maka eruba nlekota oru.Synthesites nwekwara mepụtara a ọgwụgwọ simulator nke na-adịghị achọ ihe mmetụta ọgwụgwọ na ebu ma ọ bụ akụkụ, kama na-eji ihe mmetụta okpomọkụ na resin/prepreg samples na nke a analyzer unit. mmepụta turbine ikuku,” Nikos Pantelelis, Onye isi ụlọ ọrụ Synthesites kwuru.
Sistemụ njikwa usoro synthesites na-ejikọta sensọ, Optiflow na/ma ọ bụ Optimold data nnweta nkeji, yana OptiView na/ma ọ bụ Online Resin Status (ORS).Ebe E Si Nweta Foto: Synthesites, nke CW deziri
Ya mere, ọtụtụ ndị na-eweta ihe mmetụta emepụtawo ndị na-enyocha onwe ha, ụfọdụ na-eji igwe na-amụ ihe na ụfọdụ adịghị .Ma ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe nwekwara ike ịmepụta usoro omenala nke ha ma ọ bụ zụta ngwá ọrụ na-apụ apụ ma gbanwee ha iji gboo mkpa ụfọdụ. Otú ọ dị, ike nyocha bụ. naanị otu ihe kwesịrị ịtụle. E nwere ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.
Kọntaktị bụkwa ihe dị mkpa ichebara echiche mgbe ị na-ahọrọ nke ihe mmetụta ị ga-eji. Ihe mmetụta nwere ike ịdị mkpa ka ọ bụrụ kọntaktị na ihe onwunwe, onye na-ajụ ajụjụ, ma ọ bụ abụọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọkụ ọkụ na ultrasonic sensọ nwere ike ịtinye n'ime RTM ebu 1-20mm si. elu - nleba anya ziri ezi anaghị achọ kọntaktị na ihe dị na ebu. Ihe mmetụta Ultrasonic nwekwara ike ịgba ajụjụ ọnụ na omimi dị iche iche dabere na ugboro ole a na-eji. Collo electromagnetic sensọ nwekwara ike ịgụ omimi nke mmiri mmiri ma ọ bụ akụkụ - 2-10 cm, dabere na ugboro nke ajụjụ - yana site na arịa na-abụghị ọla ma ọ bụ ngwaọrụ na kọntaktị na resin.
Otú ọ dị, microwires magnetik (lee "Nleba anya na-enweghị kọntaktị nke okpomọkụ na nrụgide n'ime ihe ndị mejupụtara") bụ ugbu a naanị ihe mmetụta nwere ike ịjụ ajụjụ mgbagwoju anya n'ebe dị anya nke 10 cm. Nke ahụ bụ n'ihi na ọ na-eji ntinye electromagnetic iji nweta nzaghachi site na ihe mmetụta ahụ, nke na-eme ka ọ pụta ìhè. agbakwunyere n'ime ihe mejupụtara.AvPro's ThermoPulse microwire sensọ, agbakwunyere na akwa akwa nrapado, ka etinyere ya. gbara ajụjụ ọnụ site na 25mm ọkpụrụkpụ carbon fiber laminate iji tụọ okpomọkụ n'oge usoro njikọ. Ebe ọ bụ na microwires nwere dayameta ntutu isi nke 3-70 microns, ha adịghị emetụta ihe mejupụtara ma ọ bụ ọrụ njikọ. A nwekwara ike itinye sensọ na-enweghị ihe arụrụ arụ arụrụala. Otú ọ dị, n'ihi na ha na-eji ìhè tụọ, eriri optic sensọ aghaghị inwe njikọ wired. N'otu aka ahụ, ebe ọ bụ na sensọ dielectric na-eji voltaji tụọ ihe onwunwe resin, ha ga-ejikọtarịrị na onye na-ajụ ajụjụ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha ga-enwerịrịkwa kọntaktị na resin ha na-enyocha.
Enwere ike itinye ihe mmetụta Collo Probe (n'elu) n'ime mmiri mmiri, ebe a na-etinye Collo Plate (n'okpuru) na mgbidi nke arịa / igwe na-agwakọta ma ọ bụ usoro ọkpọkọ/eriri nri.Ebe E Si Nweta Foto: ColloidTek Oy
Ike okpomọkụ nke ihe mmetụta bụ isi ihe ọzọ dị mkpa. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọtụtụ ihe ntanetị ultrasonic sensọ na-arụ ọrụ na okpomọkụ ruo 150 ° C, ma akụkụ dị na CosiMo kwesịrị ịmepụta na okpomọkụ karịa 200 ° C. Ya mere, UNA Ekwesịrị iji ikike a chepụta ihe mmetụta ultrasonic. Enwere ike iji sensọ dielectric nke Lambient nwere ike iji mee ihe n'akụkụ akụkụ ruo 350 Celsius, yana enwere ike iji ya ọzọ. enwere ike iji ihe mmetụta na-eme ihe ruo 250 ° C.RVmagnetics (Kosice, Slovakia) emepụtala ihe mmetụta microwire ya maka ihe ndị nwere mgbagwoju anya nke nwere ike iguzogide ọgwụgwọ na 500 ° C. Ọ bụ ezie na nkà na ụzụ Collo n'onwe ya enweghị njedebe okpomọkụ, ọkụ ọkụ. A na-anwale ọta iko maka Collo Plate na ụlọ ọhụrụ polyethertherketone (PEEK) maka Collo Probe maka ọrụ na-aga n'ihu. 150 ° C, dị ka Järveläinen. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, PhotonFirst (Alkmaar, Netherlands) jiri mkpuchi polyimide na-enye okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ nke 350 ° C maka ihe mmetụta fiber optic maka ọrụ SuCoHS, maka okpomọkụ dị elu na-adịgide adịgide ma dị ọnụ ahịa. ihe mejupụtara.
Ihe ọzọ ị ga-atụle, karịsịa maka nrụnye, bụ ma ihe mmetụta sensọ na-arụ ọrụ n'otu ebe ma ọ bụ na ọ bụ ihe ntanetị nke nwere ọtụtụ ihe mmetụta uche. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Com & Sens (Eke, Belgium) ihe mmetụta fiber optic sensọ nwere ike ruo mita 100 n'ogologo ma gosipụta ya. na 40 fiber Bragg grating (FBG) na-ahụ ihe na-ahụ anya na opekempe oghere nke 1 cm. A na-eji ihe mmetụta ndị a mee ihe maka nlekota ahụike nhazi (SHM) nke 66 mita ogologo ihe mejupụtara. bridges na resin flow monitoring during infusion of big bridge decks.Ịwụnye ihe mmetụta onye ọ bụla maka ọrụ dị otú ahụ ga-achọ ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke sensọ na ọtụtụ oge ntinye.NCC na Cranfield University na-azọrọ uru yiri nke ahụ maka sensọ dielectric linear ha. -point dielectric sensọ nke Lambient, Netzsch na Synthesites nyere, "Site na ihe mmetụta linear anyị, anyị nwere ike nyochaa resin eruba na-aga n'ihu n'ogologo, nke na-ebelata nke ukwuu. ọnụọgụ sensọ chọrọ na akụkụ ma ọ bụ ngwaọrụ. "
AFP NLR maka Fiber Optic Sensors A na-ejikọta ngalaba pụrụ iche n'ime ọwa nke asatọ nke isi Coriolis AFP iji tinye eriri ihe mmetụta fiber optic anọ n'ime oke okpomọkụ, eriri carbon na-emesi ike nyocha ihe mejupụtara.Ebe E Si Nweta: SuCoHS Project, NLR
Linear sensọ na-enyekwara aka rụọ ọrụ nrụnye.N'ime ọrụ SuCoHS, Royal NLR (Dutch Aerospace Center, Marknesse) mepụtara otu pụrụ iche agbakwunyere n'ime ọwa 8th Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) isi nke Coriolis Composites (Queven, France) iji tinye usoro anọ ( ahịrị fiber optic dị iche), nke ọ bụla nwere sensọ FBG 5 ruo 6 (PhotonFirst na-enye ngụkọta nke 23 sensọ), na carbon fiber test panels.RVmagnetics etinyewo sensọ microwire ya na pultruded GFRP rebar.” Wiwis na-akwụsị [1-4 cm ogologo maka ọtụtụ composites microwires], ma na-akpaghị aka na-etinye na-akpaghị aka mgbe a na-emepụta rebar,” kwuru. Ratislav Varga, onye nchoputa nke RVmagnetics. "Ị nwere microwire nwere microwire 1km. eriri filament ma zụọ ya n'ebe a na-emepụta rebar na-agbanweghị ka e si eme rebar ahụ." Ka ọ dị ugbu a, Com&Sens na-arụ ọrụ na teknụzụ akpaghị aka iji tinye ihe mmetụta fiber-optic n'oge usoro ikuku filament na arịa nrụgide.
N'ihi ike ya na-eduzi ọkụ eletrik, eriri carbon nwere ike ịkpata nsogbu na sensọ dielectric. Dielectric sensọ na-eji abụọ electrodes etinyere nso ibe ha. "Ọ bụrụ na eriri bridges electrodes, ha short-circuit ihe mmetụta," na-akọwa Lambient nchoputa Huan Lee. N'okwu a, jiri nzacha mee ihe." Ihe nzacha ahụ na-ahapụ resin gafere sensọ, mana na-egbochi ha site na eriri carbon." The linear dielectric sensọ mepụtara site na Cranfield University na NCC na-eji ụzọ dị iche iche, gụnyere ụzọ abụọ gbagọrọ agbagọ nke ọla kọpa wires. Mgbe a na-etinye voltaji, a na-emepụta oghere electromagnetic n'etiti wires, nke a na-eji tụọ impedance resin. A na-ekpuchi wires ahụ. ya na polymer mkpuchi nke na-adịghị emetụta mpaghara eletrik, ma na-egbochi eriri carbon ka ọ ghara ịpụ.
N'ezie, ọnụ ahịa bụkwa ihe iseokwu.Com&Sens na-ekwu na nkezi ọnụ ahịa n'otu ebe nhụta FBG bụ 50-125 euro, nke nwere ike ịdaba na gburugburu 25-35 euro ma ọ bụrụ na ejiri ya na batches (dịka ọmụmaatụ, maka ụgbọ mmiri 100,000).(Nke a bụ naanị akụkụ dị nta nke ikike mmepụta ihe dị ugbu a na atụmatụ nke arịa nrụgide mejupụtara, lee CW's 2021 isiokwu na hydrogen.) Meggitt's Karapapas na-ekwu na ọ natara onyinye maka eriri fiber optic na FBG sensọ na-erute £ 250 / sensọ (≈300 € / sensọ), onye na-ajụ ajụjụ ruru £ 10,000 (€ 12,000).” Ihe mmetụta dielectric linear anyị nwalere dị ka waya mkpuchi na ị nwere ike zụta n'elu shelf, "ka ọ gbakwụnyere." Onye na-ajụ ajụjụ anyị na-eji," Alex Skordos, onye na-agụ akwụkwọ (onye nchọpụta dị elu) na-agbakwụnye. Composites Process Science na Mahadum Cranfield, "bụ onye nyocha impedance, nke ziri ezi ma na-efu ma ọ dịkarịa ala £ 30,000 [≈ € 36,000], mana NCC na-eji onye na-ajụ ajụjụ dị mfe karị nke na-agụnye modul na-apụ apụ site na azụmahịa. ụlọ ọrụ na-enye ndụmọdụ Deta [Bedford, UK]." Synthesites na-ehota € 1,190 maka in-ebu sensọ na € 20 maka otu-eji / akụkụ sensọ Na EUR, Optiflow e hotara na EUR 3,900 na Optimold na EUR 7,200, na-abawanye ego maka multiple analyzer nkeji. Ndị a ahịa gụnyere Optiview software na ihe ọ bụla. nkwado dị mkpa, Pantelelis kwuru, na-agbakwunye na ndị na-emepụta ikuku ikuku na-echekwa awa 1.5 kwa okirikiri, tinye agụba kwa ahịrị kwa ọnwa, na belata ojiji ike site na 20 pasent, na nloghachi na ntinye ego nke naanị ọnwa anọ.
Ụlọ ọrụ na-eji sensọ ga-enweta uru dị ka ihe mejupụtara 4.0 dijitalụ n'ichepụta evolves. Dị ka ihe atụ, na-ekwu, Grégoire Beauduin, Director of Business Development na Com & Sens, "Dị ka nrụgide ụgbọ mmiri na-agbalị ibelata ibu, ihe onwunwe ojiji na ọnụ ahịa, ha nwere ike iji anyị sensọ iji kwadoo. atụmatụ ha na nyochaa mmepụta ka ha na-erute ọkwa achọrọ site na 2030. Otu ihe mmetụta ndị a na-eji nyochaa ọkwa dị iche iche n'ime ọkwa n'oge ikuku filament na ọgwụgwọ nwekwara ike nyochaa. iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke tank n'oge puku kwuru puku mmanụ mmanụ, buru amụma nlekọta chọrọ na recertify na njedebe nke ndụ imewe. Anyị nwere ike ịnye ọdọ mmiri ejima dijitalụ maka ụgbọ mmiri nrụgide ọ bụla mejupụtara, a na-emepụtakwa ihe ngwọta maka satịlaịtị. "
Ịkwado ejima dijitalụ na eri Com & Sens na-arụ ọrụ na onye na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe iji jiri eriri eriri eriri ya mee ka data dijitalụ na-agafe site na imewe, mmepụta na ọrụ (n'aka nri) iji kwado kaadị ID dijitalụ na-akwado ejima dijitalụ nke akụkụ ọ bụla (aka ekpe) mere. Ebe e si nweta foto: Com&Sens na eserese 1, “Injinịa na eriri dijitalụ” nke V. Singh, K. Wilcox.
Ya mere, ihe mmetụta sensọ na-akwado ejima dijitalụ, yana eriri dijitalụ nke na-emetụta imewe, mmepụta, ọrụ ọrụ na oge ochie. Mgbe a na-enyocha ya site na iji ọgụgụ isi na nkà mmụta igwe, data a na-azụ azụ n'ime imewe na nhazi, na-emeziwanye arụmọrụ na nkwado. Ọ gbanwekwara otú ụdọ ọkọnọ si arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ. Dị ka ihe atụ, Kiilto (Tampere, Finland) na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-eji ihe mmetụta Collo na-enyere ndị ahịa ya aka ịchịkwa oke nke components A, B, wdg n'ime ọtụtụ akụkụ ha. Adhesive mixing equipment.”Kiilto nwere ike ugbu a ịhazigharị nhazi nke nrapado ya maka ndị ahịa ọ bụla,” ka Järveläinen na-ekwu, “ma ọ na-enyekwa Kiilto ohere ịghọta ka resins si emekọrịta na usoro ndị ahịa, yana ka ndị ahịa si emekọrịta ngwaahịa ha, nke na-agbanwe etu esi emekọrịta ihe. a na-eme ka ọkọnọ. Chains nwere ike ịrụkọ ọrụ ọnụ. "
OPTO-Light na-eji Kistler, Netzsch na Synthesites sensọ nyochaa ọgwụgwọ maka thermoplastic overmolded epoxy CFRP akụkụ.Ebe E Si Nweta: AZL
Ihe mmetụta na-akwado ihe ọhụrụ ọhụrụ na nhazi usoro. Akọwara na CW's 2019 isiokwu na OPTO-Light project (lee "Thermoplastic Overmolding Thermosets, 2-Minute Cycle, One Battery"), AZL Aachen (Aachen, Germany) na-eji nzọụkwụ abụọ. Usoro iji mpikota onu otu To (UD) carbon fiber/epoxy prepreg, wee kpuchie ya 30% obere iko eriri mesikwuru PA6.The isi bụ naanị partially gwọọ prepreg nke mere na fọdụrụ reactivity na epoxy nwere ike ime ka bonding na thermoplastic.AZL eji Optimold na Netzsch DEA288 Epsilon analyzers na Synthesites na Netzsch dielectric sensọ na Kistler in- ihe mmetụta na-akpụ akpụ na ngwanrọ DataFlow iji kwalite ịkpụzi injection." Ị ga-enwerịrị nghọta miri emi banyere prepreg. Usoro ịkpụzi mkpakọ n'ihi na ị ghaghị ijide n'aka na ị ghọtara ọnọdụ ọgwụgwọ iji nweta ezigbo njikọ na thermoplastic overmolding," AZL engineer Richard Schares na-akọwa. "N'ọdịnihu, usoro a nwere ike ime mgbanwe na ọgụgụ isi, ntụgharị usoro na-akpalite site na mgbaàmà sensọ."
Otú ọ dị, e nwere nsogbu bụ́ isi, ka Järveläinen na-ekwu, “na nke ahụ bụ enweghị nghọta nke ndị ahịa na-esi ejikọta ihe mmetụta sensọ ndị a dị iche iche na usoro ha. Ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ enweghị ndị ọkachamara sensọ. " Ugbu a, ụzọ na-aga n'ihu na-achọ ndị na-emepụta ihe mmetụta na ndị ahịa na-agbanwe ozi azụ na azụ. Òtù dị ka AZL, DLR (Augsburg, Germany) na NCC na-emepụta nkà mmụta ihe mmetụta dị iche iche. Sauuse kwuru na e nwere ìgwè dị n'ime UNA, yana nkwụsịtụ. ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-enye ntinye ihe mmetụta na ọrụ ejima dijitalụ. Ọ gbakwụnyere na netwọk mmepụta Augsburg AI agbaziri ụlọ ọrụ 7,000-square-mita maka nzube a, "Ịgbasa ụkpụrụ mmepe nke CosiMo n'ọtụtụ sara mbara, gụnyere sel akpaaka ejikọtara, ebe ndị mmekọ ụlọ ọrụ nwere ike tinye igwe, rụọ ọrụ ma mụta otu esi ejikọta ngwọta AI ọhụrụ."
Carapappas kwuru na ngosipụta ihe mmetụta dielectric nke Meggitt na NCC bụ naanị nzọụkwụ mbụ na nke ahụ. mkpa na nke akụrụngwa ịtụ. Automation dijitalụ na-etolite. "
Nnọọ na SourceBook dị n'ịntanetị, nke kwekọrọ na mbipụta mbipụta CompositesWorld kwa afọ nke Ntuziaka onye na-azụ ahịa nke SourceBook Composites Industry.
AeroSystems mmụọ na-emejuputa atụmatụ Smart Airbus maka A350 Center Fuselage na Front Spars na Kingston, NC
Oge nzipu: Mee-20-2022
